The authors analyse the main issues and problems faced by the Member States during the transposition of Enforcement of the Posting of Workers Directive 2014/67/EU focusing particularly on the construction and road transport sectors in four case studies (Belgium, Germany, Italy and Romania). Safety and health-related problems are included among the areas that need specific measures to ensure the enforcement the existing legal provisions. This policy brief has been fulfilled by the ENFOSTER project “ENFOrcement STakeholders coopERation”.